The Stake Line/Arc command provides the ability to locate horizontal and optional vertical alignment geometry through one of several methods:
Note: For all staking, there are configuration settings that govern the type of instructions you receive in stakeout. Familiarity with the various Stake Settings and Stake Configurations is suggested.
- Reference Centerline
- Define Line
- Define Alignment
- Define Arc (3 Points)
- Define Arc (PC, PT, Value)
- Stake Station Interval: When enabled, an additional dialog box is presented that provides additional control that is commonly used in route (alignment) staking.
Note: When defining lines or arcs, the points can be established through the existing Point List or through a Map Screen pick.
Once defined, the Main Stakeout screen appears.
Reference Centerline
Permits a master centerline (horizontal alignment) to be designated for reference, while you stake out a separate alignment for Left and Right instructions.
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- Centerline: Launches the standard File Selector that permits a desired Centerline file to be specified.
- RR: When enabled, Railroad-style stationing (e.g. stationing based on chord-length) is used.
- Use Reference Centerline: When enabled, the specified Centerline will be used for determining station/offset values.
Note: When being used, the reference centerline station and offset data is always presented with an asterisk (*).
- Use Reference CL to Display Current: When enabled, indicate if the current Station and/or Offset relative to the Reference Centerline should be shown.
- Apply Values to Auto Description: When enabled, Reference Centerline values are applied to the Auto Descriptions.
- Use Reference CL to Display Directions (Stakeout Only): When enabled, directions (e.g. Left, Right, etc) relative to the Reference Centerline are shown.
For example, if you are staking a curb or right-of-way, you could designate the main road centerline as the "reference centerline" and the curb or right-of-way alignment as the target alignment for stakeout.
Note: If Reference Centerline is active, the station and offset to the reference centerline will be shown, with a * prefix:
Note: Note that the visibility of this option is controlled through the Job Settings - Allow Reference Centerline toggle.
Define Line
This command allows you to stakeout to a line between two points by guiding you to the point with a series of commands and directions. It is also specifically the option to use for staking a "Point-On-Line" such as when marking a property line.
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This option is for setting out points along a line including the cut or fill, or for staking out points relative to the line. One application, for example, would be staking a pipe between two known points (inlet and outlet), where offset stakes can be set with cut/fill noted.
- First Point ID: This is the starting point of the line and is required for either Method.
- Second Point ID: This is the ending point on the line and is only available for entry if Method is set as 2 Point.
- North Azimuth: Indicate the direction of the line from the First Point.
Note: The angular value will follow the Angle Entry and Display setting.
- Use Points: When clicked, you can use a pair of points to establish the North Azimuth direction:
- Slope (%): Indicate the slope of the line from the First Point.
- Method: This option lets you choose how to define your line.
- Start Station: Indicate a desired starting station value for the line.
- Confirm NEZ: Selecting this button brings up the Confirm NEZ dialog box that permits the coordinates of the points to be reviewed:
Define Alignments (Horizontal)
Staking Alignments requires a horizontal component and you have the option to specify a vertical component (profile) which will also lead to cut and fill results.
Note: For additional information about the interface, see the detailed write-up under Survey - Stake Offset.
Define Arc (3 Points)
This routine will request three points to define a unique arc. The first point becomes the beginning of the arc with the second point being a point-on-curve.
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The points can be entered in, chosen from the list points button, or selected from the map.
- RR: When enabled, Railroad-style stationing (e.g. stationing based on chord-length) is used.
- First Point: Indicate the point that serves as the beginning of the arc to be staked.
- Second Point: Indicate the point within and on the arc itself.
- Third Point: Indicate the point that serves as the ending of the arc to be staked.
- Start Sta: Enter the starting station of the arc.
- End: This shows the ending station of the defined arc.
Note: The special stations are limited to PC (start) and PT (end). As such, enable the Stake Station Interval if you want to stake a point-on-curve.
Cuts and fills are computed from the elevations of the points which determine the 3D profile of the arc. If points are picked using the "snaps" (such as when picking the end of an arc), a new point ID will be assigned to the picked point. If this point ID has zero elevation, the profile will trend to zero and will impact cut/fill reports.
Define Arc (PC, PT, Value)
This option for defining the arc requires four input parameters:
- Curve Direction
- Start point
- any of the following:
- Radius Point
- Radius Length
- Arc Length
- Delta Angle
- Degree of Curvature
- End Point
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- Direction: From the Start Point, indicate if the curve travels Curve Left (counter-clockwise) or Curve Right (clockwise).
- RR: When enabled, Railroad-style stationing (e.g. stationing based on chord-length) is used.
- Start Point: Indicate the point that serves as the beginning of the arc to be staked.
- Value: Select the known value of the curve and indicate its value.
- End Point: Indicate the point that serves as the ending of the arc to be staked.
- Start Sta: Enter the starting station of the arc.
- End: This shows the ending station of the defined arc.
Stake Station Interval
When Stake Station Interval is enabled, selecting ✅ on the various Define ... dialogs above presents an additional Stake dialog for defining the stake location parameters (e.g. Station, Offset, Elevation, Interval or optional Point on ...).
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Station/Offset tab
Note: An alternate approach would be to use the Stake Offset command.
- Settings: (gears) This icon takes you to the alignment staking settings which includes:
Note: This is also where you instruct the software to include and stop at critical alignment locations which also appear in the Station List.
- Station: This is where you enter the station to stakeout.
- ← : You can go back to the previous station as defined by the alignment points or station interval using the green left arrow button.
- → : You can advance to the next station as defined by the alignment points or station interval using the green right arrow button.
- Station List: Select a specific station using the station list icon.
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- Interval: This is where you choose the distance by which to increment the stations when using the Next and Previous buttons.
- Calculate Interval: This is used to divide the entire line into equal parts, which results in a calculated, non-rounded, incremental station.
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- Increment Station Interval from Beginning Station: For centerlines that start on an "odd" station such as 1020 (10+20 in U.S. stationing format), this option would conduct stakeout by interval measured from station 1020. So, a 50 interval stakeout, instead of being 1050, 1100, 1150 would be 1020, 1070, 1120, etc.
- Use New Values: When enabled, this option permits the stakeout geometry to be equally divided into "X" number of equal lengths.
- Number of Segments: Indicate "X" number of equal-length segments.
- Segment Length: Displays the length of each segment along the stakeout geometry.
- Increment from Station: Useful for setting a station increment from an "odd" station (e.g. setting the stake interval from a Point of Curvature station), this option permits the Interval to be based on the specified Station.
- Off. Inc: This is for entering an optional incremental offset along the line. This is a rarely used feature that would trend the offsets away from or into the centerline.
- Offset/Skew List: This is where you enter in the offset distance from the stakeout geometry. Select the Left or Right radio buttons to determine the offset side. This list also provides additional methods of offsetting, such as:
- Skewed Offsets - A Skew Ah (Ahead or Forward) angle is measured forward from the perpendicular at the specified offset distance. So, looking forward down a tangent centerline, a pipe with a skew of 75° (in dd.mmss) away from the forward tangent direction would be a Forward Skew Angle of 15°, as measured forward from the perpendicular (normal) offset.
- Bisectors
- Intersections
- Point of Intersection
- Radius Point
- Elevation: This is the design elevation. If the defined geometry is 2D, then this option will be active.
- Override Design: This allows the user to override the design elevation of 3D geometry.
- Segment: This defines the current segment of the alignment based on the entered station.
- Cutsheet: This shows the currently selected Alignment Cutsheet file.
Point On... tab
The Point On... option projects any measurement perpendicular onto the alignment (radial in curves) at a specified offset.
Note: If you are configured for Total Station usage and select Define Line as the method, there is an additional Find Intersect to Line option, which enables "line-of-sight" staking of lines. This is often used by surveyors who are setting a line in tree lines, moving to gaps in the trees for readings, then moving in-out along the line-of-sight and driving stakes when perfectly on line. It is useful for any line or boundary staking, such as property lines, right-of-ways and construction lines.
Main Stakeout
Upon accepting the geometry to be staked, the main stakeout dialog box displays:
Within Stake Line/Arc are these measurement/configuration tools:
Legacy Icon | Graphic Icon | Availabe For | Action |
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Read: Depending on whether or not the connected total station is robotic, the following options will happen:
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Store: Stores the current reading as a point. The functionality of this routine is governed (in part) by the General - Enter Key setting. | |||
Next: The next available point for stakeout is presented. | |||
Modify: Permits the customization of the desired Stake Station Interval. | |||
Launches the Target Elevation (elevation override) interface. | |||
Directs the user to the Total Station Orientation interface. | |||
Launches the GNSS Monitor/Skyplot command. |
Note: Also within Stake Line/Arc are other common controls; most notably the various Map Screen View Controls.
Various options can be set through Equip - Configure to adjust how the directions are provided to best suit your needs.
Target Elevation
In certain situations, it might be desirable to specify an alternate target elevation.
Note: If the points defining the line are at zero elevation, the program will still report a cut and fill -- in this case a cut from the GPS elevation all the way to zero. If the points defining the line are at a known elevation, the elevation will be interpolated to determine the design and target elevation of the point to stake and will be applied to a zero offset or non-zero offset stakeout position.